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2.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 111(6): 487-495, jul.-ago. 2020. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-199505

RESUMO

ANTECEDENTES Y OBJETIVO: La alopecia frontal fibrosante (AFF) es un tipo de alopecia cicatricial cuya incidencia está en aumento. Detallamos las características demográficas y clínicas, y los tratamientos utilizados en los pacientes con AFF atendidos en la consulta de tricología de un hospital de complejidad intermedia. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se recopilaron de forma retrospectiva los datos de todos los pacientes diagnosticados de AFF atendidos en la consulta de Tricología del Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía desde mayo de 2016 hasta mayo de 2018. Se evaluó la asociación entre la gravedad, el patrón clínico y la necesidad del tratamiento oral con el resto de las características de los pacientes. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron un total de 75 pacientes (73 mujeres y 2 varones). El diagnóstico en la mayoría de los casos fue clínico, y se realizó estudio histológico en 13 pacientes (17,3%). La mediana de la edad de inicio del cuadro fue de 61 [12] años. En 70 casos (93,3%) se observó afectación de las cejas y en 7 pacientes (9,6%) se objetivaron signos de liquen orogenital. Asociaban hipotiroidismo 11 casos (14,7%) y en 15 (20,0%) se observaron signos de rosácea. Solo 5 (21,7%) de los pacientes con patrón lineal presentaban retroceso grave. En los pacientes inestables y/o sintomáticos (24 casos) se instauró tratamiento oral (con inhibidores de la 5 alfa reductasa, hidroxicloroquina, corticoides o isotretinoína) o intralesional con corticoides, logrando la estabilización en 18 pacientes (75,0%). Un total de 10 pacientes de los 15 que presentaban signos de rosácea, y 10 de los 20 pacientes que presentaban pápulas faciales precisaron tratamiento sistémico. CONCLUSIÓN: La mayoría de nuestros pacientes son mujeres posmenopáusicas. Hemos encontrado un aumento de la proporción de casos con un liquen orogenital en relación con la población general, y una menor gravedad en los pacientes con un patrón lineal. Se ha objetivado la presencia de pápulas faciales con más frecuencia en pacientes más jóvenes, y una mayor probabilidad de necesitar tratamiento oral en los pacientes con rosácea y con pápulas faciales


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Frontal fibrosing alopecia is an increasingly common form of scarring alopecia. The aim of this study was to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with FFA seen at the trichology unit of a medium-sized regional hospital and to report on treatments used. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We reviewed the medical records of all patients with FFA seen at the trichology unit of Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía in Madrid, Spain between May 2016 and May 2018. We analyzed associations between disease severity, clinical patterns, need for oral medications, and other characteristics. RESULTS: Seventy-five patients (73 women and 2 men) were studied. Diagnosis was clinical in most cases and 13 cases (17.3%) were confirmed histologically. Median (interquartile range) age at reported onset of symptoms was 61 (12) years. Involvement of the eyebrows was recorded in 70 patients (93.3%) and signs of oral and genital lichen planus in 7 (9.6%). Eleven patients (14.7%) had hypothyroidism and 15 (20.0%) had signs of rosacea. Only 5 of the patients who presented a linear pattern (21.7%) had severe hairline recession. Patients with unstable and/or symptomatic disease (n = 24) were treated with oral medications (5-alpha reductase inhibitors, hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids, and isotretinoin) or intralesional corticosteroids. Eighteen patients (75.0%) achieved disease stability. Ten of the 15 patients with signs of rosacea and 10 of those with facial papules required systemic treatment. CONCLUSION: Most of the patients in this series of FFA were postmenopausal women. The prevalence of oral and genital lichen planus was higher than that observed in the general population. Patients with a linear pattern had less severe disease. Facial papules were more common in younger patients and both facial papules and rosacea were associated with a greater need for oral treatment


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Alopecia/diagnóstico , Alopecia/terapia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos Transversais , Fatores de Risco
4.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 109(1): 24-34, ene.-feb. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-170868

RESUMO

Las enfermedades inflamatorias y autoinmunes constituyen un desafío terapéutico por frecuencia y complejidad. Su tratamiento se basa en la inmunosupresión del paciente con glucocorticoides, inmunosupresores ahorradores de corticoides y fármacos biológicos, siendo imprescindible por tanto conocer su manejo. Cuando se va a pautar un inmunosupresor es necesario realizar un estudio previo para detectar contraindicaciones, infecciones latentes o determinar la dosis más adecuada del fármaco. Durante el tratamiento se deben realizar controles periódicos para detectar efectos secundarios. Cada fármaco tiene un tiempo de inicio de acción que es preciso conocer, así como una duración o dosis acumulada máxima recomendada. Los dermatólogos estamos habituados al uso estos fármacos inmunosupresores, pero es necesario tener claras las pautas y los controles necesarios con cada uno, para disminuir la variabilidad y evitar efectos adversos potencialmente graves


The treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases is challenging because of their frequency and complexity. Treatment of these diseases is based on the suppression of the patient's immune system using corticosteroids, corticosteroid-sparing immunosuppressive agents, and biologic drugs, making an understanding of the management of immunosuppressive therapy essential. Before an immunosuppressive agent is prescribed, a study must be carried out to identify contraindications, detect latent infections, and determine the most appropriate dose. During treatment, regular monitoring is required to detect adverse effects. The clinician must be familiar with the time lag between start of treatment and onset of the immunosuppressive effect as well as the maximum recommended duration of treatment and cumulative dose for each drug. As dermatologists we are accustomed to using these immunosuppressive agents, but we should have a good knowledge of the guidelines for their use and the monitoring required in each case if we are to reduce variability and avoid potentially serious adverse effects


Assuntos
Humanos , Imunossupressores/administração & dosagem , Dermatopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Autoimunes/tratamento farmacológico , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/prevenção & controle , Padrões de Prática Médica , Metotrexato/administração & dosagem , Ciclosporina/administração & dosagem , Azatioprina/administração & dosagem , Ciclofosfamida/administração & dosagem , Conduta do Tratamento Medicamentoso , Monitoramento de Medicamentos/métodos
5.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 105(3): 263-270, abr. 2014. ilus, tab, mapas
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-121154

RESUMO

En 1936 Covisa y Bejarano publicaron su tratado titulado Elementos de Dermatología. El libro destacaba por su modernidad, al dejar atrás los debates nosológicos que caracterizaban a la Dermatología del siglo anterior, y al agrupar las enfermedades por su etiología y patogenia, apoyándose en los avances científicos y técnicos de la época. Era también el primer texto adaptado a la realidad española, y no una simple adaptación de un texto extranjero. Sin embargo, la Guerra Civil iniciada ese mismo año determinó el futuro de los autores y del propio libro. Covisa y Bejarano tuvieron una intensa participación en la administración sanitaria y universitaria de la Segunda República y se vieron obligados a exiliarse a América. El libro tuvo escasa distribución por librerías en aquel difícil momento, y tampoco se realizarían nuevas ediciones. Nunca sabremos qué habría sucedido de no haber estallado la guerra, pero creemos justo recordar esta importante obra


In 1936, Covisa and Bejarano published a treatise entitled Elementos de Dermatología (The Elements of Dermatology). In this surprisingly modern book they abandoned the nosological debates characteristic of the 19th century and instead classified diseases according to their etiology and pathogenesis based on the scientific and technical advances of the time. Moreover, unlike other books available at the time, which were essentially adaptations of foreign texts, this was the first medical work to reflect the reality of Spanish medicine. However, the future of both the book and its authors was to be determined by the start of the Spanish Civil War in the same year. Covisa and Bejarano, who were both extremely active in the public health system and medical education during the Second Republic, were obliged to seek exile in America. Due to the difficulties of the time, very few copies of the book reached the public and no new editions were ever printed. We will never know what would have happened if the war had not started, but we believe that this important work should be remembered


Assuntos
Humanos , Dermatologia/história , História da Medicina , Livros de Texto como Assunto/história
6.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 105(2): 186-190, mar. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-120255

RESUMO

El melanoma de tipo animal es una variante infrecuente de melanoma maligno humano. A pesar de desarrollar metástasis locorregionales y a distancia, con frecuencia estos pacientes presentan una tasa de mortalidad inferior a la de otros tipos de melanoma. Presentamos 3 casos de melanoma de tipo animal en 3 varones de edad avanzada, con características clínicas y dermatoscópicas comunes (patrón azul homogéneo, estructuras blanquecinas irregulares y vasos gruesos irregulares)


Animal-type melanoma is a rare variant of malignant melanoma in humans. Although many patients develop locoregional and distant metastases, mortality is lower than in other types of melanoma. We present 3 cases of animal-type melanoma in elderly men and include a description of common clinical and dermoscopic features (homogeneous blue pattern, irregular whitish structures, and irregular large vessels)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Melanoma/classificação , Endoscopia/métodos , Nevo Azul/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial
8.
Allergol. immunopatol ; 36(2): 117-119, abr. 2008. ilus
Artigo em En | IBECS | ID: ibc-64445

RESUMO

Introduction: Turpentine is an oleoresin obtained from various species of pine. It contains a volatile oil (oil of turpentine) which is responsible for its properties and this is the form generally used. Opportunity for contact with turpentine is widespread. It is universally used as a solvent to dissolve and thin lacquers, varnishes and paints. It is also an ingredient in many liniments and cold remedies. Turpentine is regarded as both a local irritant and a sensitizer. Cases of allergic contact dermatitis in painters, mechanics, shoe repairers and home decorators have been reported. Case report: We report a case of a non-professional painter who developed a contact allergic dermatitis due to his exposure to turpentine while doing oil-painting as a hobby. Discussion: Dermatitis is one of the biggest dangers of working with art materials and occupational contact dermatitis is often detected on the hands of the painters. Solvents are indispensable and turpentine is the most important and the traditional one used in oil-painting. Contact allergy to oil of turpentine was reported to have become rare in Europe but over the last few years, increased rates of turpentine sensitization have been reported


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/complicações , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/diagnóstico , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/terapia , Solventes/efeitos adversos , Terebintina/efeitos adversos , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Solventes/toxicidade , Dermatite Atópica/induzido quimicamente , Dermatite de Contato , Eczema/induzido quimicamente
9.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 65(3): 126-128, mar. 2007. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-053373

RESUMO

Presentamos un caso de síndrome de Parry-Romberg en una niña de 11 años con una hemiatrofia facial de la región izquierda, sin otra sintomatología asociada. Se trata de una entidad poco frecuente y de origen desconocido que se caracteriza por una lenta y progresiva atrofia, generalmente unilateral, de las estructuras del territorio del nervio trigémino. Esta atrofia conduce a una asimetría facial que puede acompañarse de otras alteraciones neurológicas, oculares o cutáneas. Es más frecuente en mujeres y el diagnóstico se basa en unas manifestaciones clínicas características. el diagnóstico diferencial se debe llevar a cabo fundamentalmente con al esclerodermia lineal frontoparietal o en coup de sabre, pero en ocasiones puede llegar a ser imposible, dada la coexistencia de ambas, e incluso llevar a plantearse el hecho de que este síndrome sea una variante grave de esclerodermia lineal y que ambos procesos formen parte del mismo espectro clínico. No hay un tratamiento específico, salvo la cirugía plástica con la finalidad de mejorar el aspecto físico


We report a case of Parry-Romberg syndrome in an 11-year-old girl with a left facial hemiatrophy, with no other associated symptoms. This is an uncommon disorder of unknown origin, characterized by a slowly progressive atrophy, generally unilateral, of the skin and soft tissues in the region of the trigeminal nerve. These changes lead to facial asymetry that can be accompanied by neurological, ocular and/or cutaneous abnormalities. The syndrome is more common in females and the diagnosis is based on the clinical findings. The most important differential diagnosis is linear scleroderma en coup de sabre, although the distinction can be difficult because of the possible coexistence of the two entities. Some authors have conclude that this syndrome could be regarded as a variant of linear scleroderma and consider that they both pertain to the same clinicopathological spectrum. the only specific treatment is plastic surgery to correct the deformity and improve cosmetic disfigurement


Assuntos
Feminino , Criança , Humanos , Hemiatrofia Facial/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Esclerodermia Localizada/diagnóstico , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica
10.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 65(2): 72-73, feb. 2007. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-053117

RESUMO

El moniletrix es una displasia pilosa poco frecuente, en la que se producen sucesivos adalgazamientos del tallo piloso, que da lugar a un pelo frágil y corto y de aspecto seco y deslustrado. Su herencia es fundamental autosómica dominante, con penetrancia incompleta y expresividad variable. Presentamos un nuevo caso, junto con una breve descripción de sus principales características


Moniletrix is an uncommon hair dysplasia in which there is a periodic thinning of the shaft, resulting in short, brittle hair with a dry, lustreless appearance. It is an autosomal dominant disorder, with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. We report a new case and briefly discuss the predominant characteristics of this disorder


Assuntos
Feminino , Criança , Humanos , Hipotricose/diagnóstico , Hiperceratose Epidermolítica/diagnóstico , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura/métodos , Folículo Piloso/anormalidades , Folículo Piloso/citologia , Ceratolíticos/uso terapêutico , Retinoides/uso terapêutico , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Doenças Genéticas Inatas/diagnóstico , Ácido Salicílico/uso terapêutico , Folículo Piloso/patologia , Hiperceratose Epidermolítica/terapia , Folículo Piloso , Alopecia/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Cabelo/citologia , Cabelo/patologia , Cabelo , Doenças do Cabelo/patologia , Couro Cabeludo/patologia
11.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 64(2): 68-70, feb. 2006. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-044155

RESUMO

La perniosis es una respuesta anormal al frío, que se manifiesta como lesiones violáceas, edematosas y dolorosas que generalmente afectan a zonas acrales del cuerpo. Es más frecuente en otoño e invierno, y en regiones con clima frío y húmedo. Con frecuencia. los pacientes son mujeres jóvenes, aunque este cuadro también se ha descrito en niños. El curso generalmente es autolimitado, y es suficiente empezar un tratamiento sintomático


Chilblains is an abnormal response to cold, that manifests as painful, purplish, edematous lesions, usually affecting acral sites of the body. It is more frequent in fall and winter, and in regions with cold and damp weather. The patients are usually young women, but this condition has algo been described in children. The course is nearly always self-limited, and only symptomatic treatment is necessary


Assuntos
Masculino , Criança , Humanos , Pérnio/complicações , Pérnio/diagnóstico , Pérnio/terapia , Biópsia/métodos , Temperatura Baixa/efeitos adversos , Clima Frio/efeitos adversos , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Vasodilatadores/uso terapêutico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Crioglobulinemia/diagnóstico , Crioglobulinemia/terapia , Macroglobulinemia de Waldenstrom/complicações , Macroglobulinemia de Waldenstrom/diagnóstico , Anorexia Nervosa/complicações , Nifedipino/uso terapêutico , Vitamina D/uso terapêutico , Moxisilita/uso terapêutico
12.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 64(1): 19-21, ene. 2006. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-043526

RESUMO

Se presenta un caso de queratodermia palmoplantar difusa de Unna-Thost/Vörner en un niño con antecedentes familiares de esta enfermedad. Este proceso no es muy frecuente, si bien su clínica característica y su herencia autosómica dominante hacen que el diagnóstico de presunción sea fácil. El papel del pediatra en estos casos es, una vez confirmado el diagnóstico, descartar que exista sordera asociada mediante un estudio de potenciales evocados, y lograr un desarrollo de la marcha y de la función manual normales. El pediatra debe coordinar un tratamiento multidisciplinario encaminado a la rehabilitación funcional


The authors present a case of Unna-Thost/Vörner diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma ina boy with family history of the disease. Although this condition is uncommon, the characteristic clinical findings and its pattern of autosomal dominant in-heritance make it easy to reach a presumptive diagnosis. The role of the pediatrician, once the diagnosis has been confirmed, is to rule out the presence of an associated hearing loss by means of a study of norma gait and hand function. The pediatrician should coordinate a multidisciplinary treatment to achieve functional rehabilitation


Assuntos
Lactente , Masculino , Humanos , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar Difusa/diagnóstico , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar Difusa/terapia , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar/complicações , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar/diagnóstico , Ceratolíticos/uso terapêutico , Ureia/uso terapêutico , Retinoides/uso terapêutico , Isotretinoína/uso terapêutico , Ácido Salicílico/uso terapêutico , Ácido Láctico/uso terapêutico , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar Difusa/tratamento farmacológico , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar Difusa/genética
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